Setting Up A New Aquarium

Location of your aquariumwant fishes to die in our new fish tank. It is also not
So, you bought your very first fish tank. And yourecommended to use feeder fishes for this task, as
probably already decided where to place it. But keepthey often carry diseases.
in mind that a fish tank filled with water is muchPrawn method is easy, throw them in and wait. But
heavier than it seems. So please, place it onbe prepared for the smell.
something strong and stable.Commercial products are not the most reliable. Most
It is also advisable to keep your fish tank away fromof us would wonder how much shelf life do these
direct, or even indirect, sunlight. Long hours ofproducts have. After all, we are talking about live
sunlight will induce algae, something you do not wantorganisms here. But there are indeed cases where
if you wish to keep your aquarium beautiful.hobbyists introduce fishes without cycling, relying on
Any gravel?commercial products to do its work. It all boils down
Skip this part if you plan to have a simpleto how much risk you are willing to take. Personally, I
bare-bottom fish tank. Personally, I feel that gravelshave a bottle of Nutrafin Cycle, which I bought when
make an aquarium looks so much nicer. HavingI upgraded my filter.
gravels also helps hide your fishes' wastes.The wait
Before you start pouring your gravels into your fishSo you've introduced ammonia, turned on your filter,
tank, stop! Take a pail, pour your gravels into itand is waiting for your fish tank to cycle. I would
instead. Start washing them over and over until therecommend at least three days of cycling before
water is decently clear. This is important, as youintroducing your fishes. Longer, if the fishes you plan
don't want your fishes to be swimming in chocolateto keep are sensitive. Or if you have not decided on
milk.what fishes to keep, now is a good time to research
Preparing your wateron that.
Water is the single most important element of anFind on how big will the fishes grow up to. Most
aquarium. It is important to prepare your waterfishes are so tiny when young, but can grow up to
before adding any fishes, as most tap water containshuge sizes. This is important, as having no space to
chemicals like chlorine and chloramine, which areswim will stunt their growth, their colors will not
harmful to fishes. So be sure to get a bottle ofshow, and they get sick easier. So get suitable fishes,
water conditioner from your favourite pet shop thatunless you have plans to upgrade to a larger fish
neutralizes both chlorine and chloramine.tank.
If you have gravels, be very gentle when pouringFind out if the fishes are to be kept in brackish
water into your tank, so as not to stir up the gravels.water or fresh water. Do not mix the two types of
A useful tip is to pour your water onto a floatingfishes. Find out also their aggressiveness, feeding
plate or saucer, so as to divert the force of thehabits, behaviors, and anything else you need to
falling water. Fill water to your preferred height, andknow to keep your fishes healthy and happy.
add measured amount of yourAcclimatizing your new fishes
anti-chlorine-and-chloramine water conditioner.Finally, it's time for you to go out and buy your
Setting up your filterfishes. Get the pet shop people to help you select
There are different types of aquarium filters. Readhealthy ones. While at the shop, make sure you've
up on their difference and decide on one. Then setupalready gotten everything you need. Things like food,
your filter according to your filter's manual. Make sureaquarium salt(if keeping brackish water fishes), net,
that it is working properly as intended, as the filter iswater pump, and a bottle of
a very important part of an aquarium. Your filteranti-chlorine-and-chloramine water conditioner.
provides water circulation, and also oxygenates theOnce you reached home, float the packet of your
water, if your type of filter causes water surfacenew babies in your tank water. This is to acclimatize
disturbance. If your aquarium is heavily loaded withyour fishes to the new water temperature. Float for
fishes, and your filter fails for even a few hours, itabout 15 minutes, then open up the packet, and pour
could be fatal.some of your tank water into it. This is to acclimatize
What is cycling?your fishes to the new water parameters. Wait for
"Cycling" is the process where bacterias break downanother 15 minutes, or more, if your fishes are
ammonia(NH3) into nitrite(NO2), and from nitrite tosensitive species. And finally, use a net to catch your
nitrate(NO3). Ammonia and nitrite are both very toxicfishes into your fish tank!
to fishes, and nitrate being the least toxic of theObserving your fishes
three. Therefore this process is the most importantIf your fish tank has decorative objects, most likely
for any aquarium.your new fishes will go into hiding. This is normal, and
The nitrosomonas species of bacteria starts formingwill last up to a few days. When they do show
when ammonia is present. They form all around ourthemselves, observe them. Take note of how their
fish tank, the driftwoods, the substrate, andbodies look like, and how they behave, so you will
especially inside our filter. Slowly, they will form into aknow when something odd happens.
colony large enough to efficiently breakdownFeed very sparingly during this beginning stage. As
ammonia into nitrite. When nitrite in the water hasthe filtration and bacteria system is still new, do not
reached a certain level, the Nitrobacter species ofwant to pollute the water too much. I suggest
bacteria starts forming. Slowly, they will breakdownfeeding small amounts once a day starting from the
the nitrite into nitrate. And finally, nitrate in the watersecond or third day. If your fishes refuse to eat, do
can be removed via the most common andnot put in more food. Try feeding again the next
cost-effective method, water changes.day. This is normal and you do not need to worry, as
In a nutshell: Ammonia > Nitrite > Nitratethe fishes most likely already eaten when in the pet
Introduction of ammoniashop, and they can survive for as long as a week
These are the various ways of introducing ammonia:without food.
- "Seeding". Transfer some gravel or filter spongeConclusion
wool/etc from an established fish tank into the newSoon, your fishes will get used to their environment.
one.They will start becoming more active. Their vibrant
- Fish wastes. Zebra danios are very hardy fishescolors will start showing. And they may even
that are commonly used for cycling.recognize you whenever you come close to feed
- Market prawns. Yes, it will stink.them. That is the reward of fish-keeping! But of
- Commercial products.course, you have to be a responsible owner.
Personally, I feel that the "seeding" method would bePerforming the regular water changes, medicating
the most reliable and yields the fastest results.them when they get sick, and feeding them quality
Fish method is slow, but adding more fishes doesfood everyday. And I officially welcome you to the
makes the process faster. Just that the fishes mighthobby!
not survive the intense ammonia poisoning. We don't