Saltwater Aquarium Setup - The Basics

Picking the Right Locationsubstrate across the top of the under gravel filter.
OK, you've bought all of the right equipment andYou can attach the pump head to the riser tube now
brought it home. Now what? The first step is to pickor you can wait until the tank has been filled. I usually
a suitable location for your new aquarium. There arewait until the tank has been filled nearly full before
a few general guidelines to follow here. The aquariumadding the remaining equipment (mechanical filter,
should be in a room with a stable year round roomheater, etc.) since they only get in the way.
temperature. Don't place it near heater vents orWater Preparation
radiators or an air conditioning unit; you want to keepWater preparation for you salt water aquarium is
the aquarium temperature as consistent as possible.simply mixing the needed amount of de-chlorinated
Don't place it in direct sunlight or it will quickly growtap water with the appropriate amount of synthetic
huge amounts of algae which, although not harmfulsalt mix from your local pet shop. Follow the
to the fish (some fish and crustaceans enjoy diningmanufacturer's directions for whichever salt you
on algae) it can be unsightly and difficult to control.chose. The specific gravity of your mixture should be
You'll want to place it in a room that has frequentbetween 1.0220 and 1.0275. Use a hydrometer to get
human traffic, not only so you can show it off butan accurate measurement. Now, begin filling the tank
so that the fish will become used to people. If thewith your prepared salt water solution. You can place
aquarium is tucked away in your bedroom or studya plastic bowl in the bottom of the aquarium and
where you only visit infrequently, the fish will becomepour the salt water into it to avoid excessive
sensitive to movement and will hide wheneversplashing and disruption of your gravel. Fill the tank
anyone enters the room, and what good is that?until it is about 3 inches from the top. Now is the
Lastly, make sure the floor can support the weight.time to add your remaining equipment including the
If you're not sure on this one, check the structuremechanical filter, heater, pump head (unless you've
under the floor to make sure. If you don't check,already attached it,) and any other accessories and
don't say I didn't tell you so.decorations you plan to add to your tank.
Basic AssemblyFinishing Your Setup
One of the first things you'll want to do is a visualAssemble the mechanical filter according to the
inspection of the tank. Inspect all of the seams toinstructions that should be included with it. Attach it
make sure there are no breaks or imperfections into the back of the tank in an appropriate location.
the sealant that joins the glass panels of your tank. IfYou will normally need to fill the filter reservoir with
there are, they are easier to fix now then afterwater before it will function. Install the tank heater
you've filled the tank with water. Tanks are checkedper the manufacturer's instructions. Ideal temperature
for leakage by the manufacturer, but it's never a badfor a marine aquarium is between 70-73 degrees
idea to do your own test and fill the tank with tapFahrenheit. Install any remaining equipment or
water and let it sit for an hour or so before youraccessories that you have for your tank. Plug in the
final setup. Of course, you'll have to empty it beforepump head and mechanical filters and ensure that
you install the filters, gravel, etc.they are functioning properly. Plug in the heater and
Now, with your tank empty, place the under graveladjust to the appropriate temperature. Fill the tank to
filter in the bottom of the tank and attach the riserthe desired level, usually about 1 1/2 inches from the
tube. The riser tube should reach nearly the top oftop. Install the tank hood or cover and lighting. You
your tank but needs to allow enough room for thewill now want to let the tank run for at least 24
pump head so that it doesn't protrude above the tophours to ensure all equipment is functioning and there
of the tank. This tube is easily shortened with aare no leaks. During this time you will want to verify
sharp knife or razor. Obviously use caution whenthe specific gravity (salt content) of the water and
cutting the riser tube to the proper length. Once thisadjust as needed, as well as adjusting the heater to
is done, thoroughly rinse the substrate materialachieve the desired temperature. Remember, water
(crushed coral or dolomite) with fresh water totemp changes very slowly, so wait at least several
remove any residual dust. The easiest way to do thishours before each adjustment.
is to pour the substrate into a clean bucket (one thatThat's it! Once the salinity and temperature have
has never been used with cleaning materials) and tostabilized to the desired levels you're ready to
run water into the bucket, stirring the substrateconsider adding some animals to the tank to begin
vigorously until the water overflowing from thethe conditioning process.
bucket runs clear. Then, evenly distribute the