Hereditary Orthopedic Diseases in Dogs

Do you ever read about a dog breed and discoverloose fit of the 'ball and socket' hip joint and the ball
that a particular breed can be prone to a number ofmay continuously slide part way out of the socket.
diseases - most of which you can't understand? AreOver time this will cause osteoarthritis in the joint and
you in the process of choosing a dog and you wantthe dog will become lame and weak in the hind end.
to know which breed-specific hereditary disease thatSome relief can be found with the use of
the breeder should have screened out in the breedingnutriceuticals such as glucosamine and chondroitin, and
stock?anti-inflammatories. Some cases are so bad that the
Most breeders spend a lot of time and resourcesdog must have surgery or be euthanized. Ensuring
trying to get rid of genetic diseases in their lines.that your dog isn't overfed and overweight can delay
However, some amateur breeders and puppy millsthe onset of hip dysplasia. Larger breeds that grow
are breeding dogs without screening the parents andfastest during the first four months seem to be
perpetuating poor genetic health.more prone to this disease. Hip dysplasia is the most
This article is not exhaustive but will attempt tocommon inherited orthopedic disease in large and
describe some common hereditary musculoskeletalgiant breeds and many medium-sized breeds as well.
diseases and indicate some of the dog breeds thatLegg-Calve-Perthes is a disease of the hip joint
have shown a tendency to inherit these diseases inwhere the ball or head of the femur deteriorates and
the past. Since so many dogs have inheritedcauses pain and lameness in the hind leg. This disease
orthopedic problems, these disorders are extremelyusually affects young small dogs aged from 4 to 12
well researched and studied. If you want to check onmonths. This condition is successfully treated by
a particular dog breed you can go to my Directory ofsurgery. This disorder can affect all terriers,
Breed of Dogs and search on a particular breed forChihuahuas, Dachshunds, Miniature pinscher, Miniature
its health issues.poodles, Pugs and Toy poodles.
There are a number of common inherited diseasesPanosteitis or 'pano' is a common condition which
for which reputable breeders screen their breedingsuddenly causes lameness in a growing puppy or
stock. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA)adolescent dog. The lameness is a result of
has specialists evaluate X-rays, DNA, thyroid, cardiacinflammation of the long bones of the front and hind
and other tests and register the results. Alegs and can be mild to severe. A veterinarian will
prospective pure-bred puppy buyer should ask to seeprobably prescribe pain medication and ask you to
the OFA results for the dog's sire and dam.restrict exercise. Affected puppies usually grow out
Chondrodysplasia or dwarfism in the legs is a diseaseof the condition as they mature. It is most common
that causes malformation of the carpal and radiusin male medium- to giant-sized dog breeds which
bones of the front legs resulting in a stunted andinclude the: Afghan Hound, Basset hound, Doberman
bowed look. Puppies born with this disease do notpinscher, German shepherd, Great Dane, Great
show any signs until they grow older. The diseasePyrenees, Labrador retriever and Rottweiler.
can be painful and often the only choice is toLuxating Patella (Patellar luxation) or slipped stifle is a
euthanize the dog. This disease is most common inhereditary condition where the knee cap slips out of
the Alaskan malamute and the Beagle.its groove. In some cases, the kneecap will slip back
Elbow dysplasia is a hereditary disease in which theinto place while in other cases; a veterinarian may
elbow joints of the front legs are malformed.need to put it back in place. If it is not corrected
Lameness usually makes its appearance around 7 tothrough surgery, then osteoarthritis will usually result.
10 months of age and is treated byThe condition is quite prevalent in toy breeds. It is
anti-inflammatories and also surgery. All breeds arecommonly seen in the Affenpinscher, Australian
susceptible to the disease but it is most common interrier, Basset hound, Boston terrier, Chihuahua,
large male breeds. These breeds include the: BassetCavalier King Charles Spaniel, English Toy Spaniel,
hound, Bernese mountain dog, Bloodhound, BouvierMaltese, Papillon, Pekingese, Pomeranian, Poodle
des Flandres, Chow Chow, German shepherd, Golden(miniature and toy) and Lhasa Apso.
retriever, Great Pyrenees, Irish wolfhound, LabradorThere are many more hereditary diseases that are
retriever, Mastiff, Rottweiler, Saint Bernard andprevalent in a number of dog breeds. Contact your
Weimaraner.breed's national breed club for a list of the most
Hip dysplasia is a disorder that results when there is acommon inherited genetic diseases.